java中dao的使用_Java的Spring框架中DAO数据访问对象的使用示例

Spring DAO之JDBC

Spring提供的DAO(数据访问对象)支持主要的目的是便于以标准的方式使用不同的数据访问技术, 如JDBC,Hibernate或者JDO等。它不仅可以让你方便地在这些持久化技术间切换, 而且让你在编码的时候不用考虑处理各种技术中特定的异常。

为了便于以一种一致的方式使用各种数据访问技术,如JDBC、JDO和Hibernate, Spring提供了一套抽象DAO类供你扩展。这些抽象类提供了一些方法,通过它们你可以 获得与你当前使用的数据访问技术相关的数据源和其他配置信息。

Dao支持类:

JdbcDaoSupport - JDBC数据访问对象的基类。 需要一个DataSource,同时为子类提供 JdbcTemplate。

HibernateDaoSupport - Hibernate数据访问对象的基类。 需要一个SessionFactory,同时为子类提供 HibernateTemplate。也可以选择直接通过 提供一个HibernateTemplate来初始化, 这样就可以重用后者的设置,例如SessionFactory, flush模式,异常翻译器(exception translator)等等。

JdoDaoSupport - JDO数据访问对象的基类。 需要设置一个PersistenceManagerFactory, 同时为子类提供JdoTemplate。

JpaDaoSupport - JPA数据访问对象的基类。 需要一个EntityManagerFactory,同时 为子类提供JpaTemplate。

本节主要讨论Sping对JdbcDaoSupport的支持。

下面是个例子:

drop table if exists user;

/*==============================================================*/

/* Table: user */

/*==============================================================*/

create table user

(

id bigint AUTO_INCREMENT not null,

name varchar(24),

age int,

primary key (id)

);

public class User {

private Integer id;

private String name;

private Integer age;

public Integer getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public Integer getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(Integer age) {

this.age = age;

}

}

/**

* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.

* User: leizhimin

* Date: 2008-4-22 15:34:36

* Note: DAO接口

*/

public interface IUserDAO {

public void insert(User user);

public User find(Integer id);

}

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.SQLException;

/**

* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.

* Note: 基类DAO,提供了数据源注入

*/

public class BaseDAO {

private DataSource dataSource;

public DataSource getDataSource() {

return dataSource;

}

public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {

this.dataSource = dataSource;

}

public Connection getConnection() {

Connection conn = null;

try {

conn = dataSource.getConnection();

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return conn;

}

}

/**

* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.

* User: leizhimin

* Date: 2008-4-22 15:36:04

* Note: DAO实现

*/

public class UserDAO extends BaseDAO implements IUserDAO {

public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate(){

return new JdbcTemplate(getDataSource());

}

public void insert(User user) {

String name = user.getName();

int age = user.getAge().intValue();

// jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO user (name,age) "

// + "VALUES('" + name + "'," + age + ")");

String sql = "insert into user(name,age) values(?,?)";

getJdbcTemplate().update(sql,new Object[]{name,age});

}

public User find(Integer id) {

List rows = getJdbcTemplate().queryForList(

"SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=" + id.intValue());

Iterator it = rows.iterator();

if (it.hasNext()) {

Map userMap = (Map) it.next();

Integer i = new Integer(userMap.get("id").toString());

String name = userMap.get("name").toString();

Integer age = new Integer(userMap.get("age").toString());

User user = new User();

user.setId(i);

user.setName(name);

user.setAge(age);

return user;

}

return null;

}

}

/p>

"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" singleton="true">

com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springdb

root

leizhimin

class="com.lavasoft.springnote.ch05_jdbc03_temp.UserDAO" parent="baseDAO">

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

/**

* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.

* User: leizhimin

* Date: 2008-4-22 15:59:18

* Note: 测试类,客户端

*/

public class SpringDAODemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("D:\\_spring\\src\\com\\lavasoft\\springnote\\ch05_jdbc03_temp\\bean-jdbc-temp.xml");

User user = new User();

user.setName("hahhahah");

user.setAge(new Integer(22));

IUserDAO userDAO = (IUserDAO) context.getBean("userDAO");

userDAO.insert(user);

user = userDAO.find(new Integer(1));

System.out.println("name: " + user.getName());

}

}

运行结果:

log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.core.CollectionFactory).

log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.

name: jdbctemplate

Process finished with exit code 0

Spring DAO之Hibernate

HibernateDaoSupport - Hibernate数据访问对象的基类。 需要一个SessionFactory,同时为子类提供 HibernateTemplate。也可以选择直接通过 提供一个HibernateTemplate来初始化, 这样就可以重用后者的设置,例如SessionFactory, flush模式,异常翻译器(exception translator)等等。

本节主要讨论Sping对HibernateTemplate的支持。

下面是个例子:

drop table if exists user;

/*==============================================================*/

/* Table: user */

/*==============================================================*/

create table user

(

id bigint AUTO_INCREMENT not null,

name varchar(24),

age int,

primary key (id)

);

/**

* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.

* Note: Hiberante实体类

*/

public class User {

private Integer id;

private String name;

private Integer age;

public Integer getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(Integer id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public Integer getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(Integer age) {

this.age = age;

}

}

/p>

PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

table="user">

/**

* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.

* User: leizhimin

* Date: 2008-4-23 15:37:43

* Note: DAO接口

*/

public interface IUserDAO {

public void insert(User user);

public User find(Integer id);

}

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;

/**

* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.

* User: leizhimin

* Date: 2008-4-23 15:15:55

* Note: DAO实现

*/

public class UserDAO implements IUserDAO {

private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;

public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {

this.hibernateTemplate =new HibernateTemplate(sessionFactory);

}

public void insert(User user) {

hibernateTemplate.save(user);

System.out.println("所保存的User对象的ID:"+user.getId());

}

public User find(Integer id) {

User user =(User) hibernateTemplate.get(User.class, id);

return user;

}

}

/p>

"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">

com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springdb

root

leizhimin

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"

destroy-method="close">

com/lavasoft/springnote/ch06_hbm_02proTx/User.hbm.xml

org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

/**

* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.

* Note: 测试类、客户端

*/

public class SpringHibernateDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context =new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("D:\\_spring\\src\\com\\lavasoft\\springnote\\ch06_hbm_02proTx\\bean-hbm_tx.xml");

// 建立DAO物件

IUserDAO userDAO = (IUserDAO) context.getBean("userDAO");

User user = new User();

user.setName("caterpillar");

user.setAge(new Integer(30));

userDAO.insert(user);

user = userDAO.find(new Integer(1));

System.out.println("name: " + user.getName());

}

}

运行结果:

log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.core.CollectionFactory).

log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.

所保存的User对象的ID:18

name: jdbctemplate

Process finished with exit code 0