java中dao的使用_Java的Spring框架中DAO数据访问对象的使用示例
Spring DAO之JDBC
Spring提供的DAO(数据访问对象)支持主要的目的是便于以标准的方式使用不同的数据访问技术, 如JDBC,Hibernate或者JDO等。它不仅可以让你方便地在这些持久化技术间切换, 而且让你在编码的时候不用考虑处理各种技术中特定的异常。
为了便于以一种一致的方式使用各种数据访问技术,如JDBC、JDO和Hibernate, Spring提供了一套抽象DAO类供你扩展。这些抽象类提供了一些方法,通过它们你可以 获得与你当前使用的数据访问技术相关的数据源和其他配置信息。
Dao支持类:
JdbcDaoSupport - JDBC数据访问对象的基类。 需要一个DataSource,同时为子类提供 JdbcTemplate。
HibernateDaoSupport - Hibernate数据访问对象的基类。 需要一个SessionFactory,同时为子类提供 HibernateTemplate。也可以选择直接通过 提供一个HibernateTemplate来初始化, 这样就可以重用后者的设置,例如SessionFactory, flush模式,异常翻译器(exception translator)等等。
JdoDaoSupport - JDO数据访问对象的基类。 需要设置一个PersistenceManagerFactory, 同时为子类提供JdoTemplate。
JpaDaoSupport - JPA数据访问对象的基类。 需要一个EntityManagerFactory,同时 为子类提供JpaTemplate。
本节主要讨论Sping对JdbcDaoSupport的支持。
下面是个例子:
drop table if exists user;
/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: user */
/*==============================================================*/
create table user
(
id bigint AUTO_INCREMENT not null,
name varchar(24),
age int,
primary key (id)
);
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* User: leizhimin
* Date: 2008-4-22 15:34:36
* Note: DAO接口
*/
public interface IUserDAO {
public void insert(User user);
public User find(Integer id);
}
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* Note: 基类DAO,提供了数据源注入
*/
public class BaseDAO {
private DataSource dataSource;
public DataSource getDataSource() {
return dataSource;
}
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
}
public Connection getConnection() {
Connection conn = null;
try {
conn = dataSource.getConnection();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
}
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* User: leizhimin
* Date: 2008-4-22 15:36:04
* Note: DAO实现
*/
public class UserDAO extends BaseDAO implements IUserDAO {
public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate(){
return new JdbcTemplate(getDataSource());
}
public void insert(User user) {
String name = user.getName();
int age = user.getAge().intValue();
// jdbcTemplate.update("INSERT INTO user (name,age) "
// + "VALUES('" + name + "'," + age + ")");
String sql = "insert into user(name,age) values(?,?)";
getJdbcTemplate().update(sql,new Object[]{name,age});
}
public User find(Integer id) {
List rows = getJdbcTemplate().queryForList(
"SELECT * FROM user WHERE id=" + id.intValue());
Iterator it = rows.iterator();
if (it.hasNext()) {
Map userMap = (Map) it.next();
Integer i = new Integer(userMap.get("id").toString());
String name = userMap.get("name").toString();
Integer age = new Integer(userMap.get("age").toString());
User user = new User();
user.setId(i);
user.setName(name);
user.setAge(age);
return user;
}
return null;
}
}
/p>
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" singleton="true">
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springdb
root
leizhimin
class="com.lavasoft.springnote.ch05_jdbc03_temp.UserDAO" parent="baseDAO">
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* User: leizhimin
* Date: 2008-4-22 15:59:18
* Note: 测试类,客户端
*/
public class SpringDAODemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("D:\\_spring\\src\\com\\lavasoft\\springnote\\ch05_jdbc03_temp\\bean-jdbc-temp.xml");
User user = new User();
user.setName("hahhahah");
user.setAge(new Integer(22));
IUserDAO userDAO = (IUserDAO) context.getBean("userDAO");
userDAO.insert(user);
user = userDAO.find(new Integer(1));
System.out.println("name: " + user.getName());
}
}
运行结果:
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.core.CollectionFactory).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
name: jdbctemplate
Process finished with exit code 0
Spring DAO之Hibernate
HibernateDaoSupport - Hibernate数据访问对象的基类。 需要一个SessionFactory,同时为子类提供 HibernateTemplate。也可以选择直接通过 提供一个HibernateTemplate来初始化, 这样就可以重用后者的设置,例如SessionFactory, flush模式,异常翻译器(exception translator)等等。
本节主要讨论Sping对HibernateTemplate的支持。
下面是个例子:
drop table if exists user;
/*==============================================================*/
/* Table: user */
/*==============================================================*/
create table user
(
id bigint AUTO_INCREMENT not null,
name varchar(24),
age int,
primary key (id)
);
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* Note: Hiberante实体类
*/
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
/p>
PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
table="user">
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* User: leizhimin
* Date: 2008-4-23 15:37:43
* Note: DAO接口
*/
public interface IUserDAO {
public void insert(User user);
public User find(Integer id);
}
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* User: leizhimin
* Date: 2008-4-23 15:15:55
* Note: DAO实现
*/
public class UserDAO implements IUserDAO {
private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.hibernateTemplate =new HibernateTemplate(sessionFactory);
}
public void insert(User user) {
hibernateTemplate.save(user);
System.out.println("所保存的User对象的ID:"+user.getId());
}
public User find(Integer id) {
User user =(User) hibernateTemplate.get(User.class, id);
return user;
}
}
/p>
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springdb
root
leizhimin
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"
destroy-method="close">
com/lavasoft/springnote/ch06_hbm_02proTx/User.hbm.xml
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
/**
* Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
* Note: 测试类、客户端
*/
public class SpringHibernateDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context =new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("D:\\_spring\\src\\com\\lavasoft\\springnote\\ch06_hbm_02proTx\\bean-hbm_tx.xml");
// 建立DAO物件
IUserDAO userDAO = (IUserDAO) context.getBean("userDAO");
User user = new User();
user.setName("caterpillar");
user.setAge(new Integer(30));
userDAO.insert(user);
user = userDAO.find(new Integer(1));
System.out.println("name: " + user.getName());
}
}
运行结果:
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.core.CollectionFactory).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
所保存的User对象的ID:18
name: jdbctemplate
Process finished with exit code 0