C# 使用gdi绘制自定义控件，自适应分辨率。
录制_2023_08_06_14_12_28_725
C# 使用gdi绘制自定义控件
解决cpu占用高的问题以及闪烁问题的解决方案
视频演示
问题描述
GDI+的效率其实没有GDI的效率高的, 一般的提高效率的方法也就那么多:
- 减少不必要的绘制, 区域刷新效果比全部绘制效率高很多, 比如只是一个控件需要重绘,我们就不应该让整个窗口或者说大于次区域的界面无效
- 不在显示区域的绘制工作能省就省, 主要绘制可视界面, 就是平时说的 脏矩形技术
- 使用内存绘制, 然后直接贴图(或者截取贴图), 另外如果某些工作是不变的,比如说背景, 那么就在第一次的时候绘制到内存dc, 以后直接取用
- 如果有可能可以使用Directx或者openGL
主要分为3步，
1.添加自适应分辨率类
2.绘制GDI图形
3.调用
1.添加自适应分辨率类
class AutoSizeFormClass
{
//(1).声明结构,只记录窗体和其控件的初始位置和大小。
public struct controlRect
{
public int Left;
public int Top;
public int Width;
public int Height;
public float FontSize;
public string name;
}
//(2).声明 1个对象
//注意这里不能使用控件列表记录 List nCtrl;，因为控件的关联性，记录的始终是当前的大小。
// public List oldCtrl= new List();//这里将西文的大于小于号都过滤掉了，只能改为中文的，使用中要改回西文
public List<controlRect> oldCtrl = new List<controlRect>();
int ctrlNo = 0;//1;
//(3). 创建两个函数
//(3.1)记录窗体和其控件的初始位置和大小,
public void controllInitializeSize(Control mForm)
{
controlRect cR;
cR.Left = mForm.Left; cR.Top = mForm.Top; cR.Width = mForm.Width; cR.Height = mForm.Height;cR.name=mForm.Name ;cR.FontSize = mForm.Font.Size;
oldCtrl.Add(cR);//第一个为"窗体本身",只加入一次即可
AddControl(mForm);//窗体内其余控件还可能嵌套控件(比如panel),要单独抽出,因为要递归调用
//this.WindowState = (System.Windows.Forms.FormWindowState)(2);//记录完控件的初始位置和大小后，再最大化
//0 - Normalize , 1 - Minimize,2- Maximize
}
private void AddControl(Control ctl)
{
foreach (Control c in ctl.Controls)
{
//**放在这里，是先记录控件的子控件，后记录控件本身
controlRect objCtrl;
objCtrl.Left = c.Left; objCtrl.Top = c.Top; objCtrl.Width = c.Width; objCtrl.Height = c.Height; objCtrl.FontSize = c.Font.Size; objCtrl.name = c.Name;
oldCtrl.Add(objCtrl);
//**放在这里，是先记录控件本身，后记录控件的子控件
if (c.Controls.Count > 0)
AddControl(c);//窗体内其余控件还可能嵌套控件(比如panel),要单独抽出,因为要递归调用
}
}
//(3.2)控件自适应大小,
public void controlAutoSize(Control mForm,FormWindowState windowState= FormWindowState.Normal)
{
if (windowState == FormWindowState.Minimized)
return;
if (ctrlNo == 0)
{ //*如果在窗体的Form1_Load中，记录控件原始的大小和位置，正常没有问题，但要加入皮肤就会出现问题，因为有些控件如dataGridView的的子控件还没有完成，个数少
//*要在窗体的Form1_SizeChanged中，第一次改变大小时，记录控件原始的大小和位置,这里所有控件的子控件都已经形成
controlRect cR;
// cR.Left = mForm.Left; cR.Top = mForm.Top; cR.Width = mForm.Width; cR.Height = mForm.Height;
cR.Left = 0; cR.Top = 0; cR.Width = mForm.PreferredSize.Width; cR.Height = mForm.PreferredSize.Height; cR.FontSize = mForm.Font.Size; cR.name = mForm.Name;
oldCtrl.Add(cR);//第一个为"窗体本身",只加入一次即可
AddControl(mForm);//窗体内其余控件可能嵌套其它控件(比如panel),故单独抽出以便递归调用
}
float wScale = (float)mForm.Width / (float)oldCtrl[0].Width;//新旧窗体之间的比例，与最早的旧窗体
float hScale = (float)mForm.Height / (float)oldCtrl[0].Height;//.Height;
ctrlNo = 1;//进入=1，第0个为窗体本身,窗体内的控件,从序号1开始
AutoScaleControl(mForm, wScale, hScale);//窗体内其余控件还可能嵌套控件(比如panel),要单独抽出,因为要递归调用
}
private void AutoScaleControl(Control ctl, float wScale, float hScale)
{
int ctrLeft0, ctrTop0, ctrWidth0, ctrHeight0;
float ctrfontsize;
//int ctrlNo = 1;//第1个是窗体自身的 Left,Top,Width,Height，所以窗体控件从ctrlNo=1开始
foreach (Control c in ctl.Controls)
{
//**放在这里，是先缩放控件的子控件，后缩放控件本身
ctrLeft0 = oldCtrl[ctrlNo].Left;
ctrTop0 = oldCtrl[ctrlNo].Top;
ctrWidth0 = oldCtrl[ctrlNo].Width;
ctrHeight0 = oldCtrl[ctrlNo].Height;
ctrfontsize = oldCtrl[ctrlNo].FontSize;
//c.Left = (int)((ctrLeft0 - wLeft0) * wScale) + wLeft1;//新旧控件之间的线性比例
//c.Top = (int)((ctrTop0 - wTop0) * h) + wTop1;
c.Left = (int)((ctrLeft0) * wScale);//新旧控件之间的线性比例。控件位置只相对于窗体，所以不能加 + wLeft1
c.Top = (int)((ctrTop0) * hScale);//
c.Width = (int)(ctrWidth0 * wScale);//只与最初的大小相关，所以不能与现在的宽度相乘 (int)(c.Width * w);
c.Height = (int)(ctrHeight0 * hScale);//
// 创建一个新的字体，按比例缩放原始字体大小
Font scaledFont = new Font(c.Font.FontFamily, hScale * ctrfontsize);
// 设置 Label 的字体为新创建的字体
c.Font = scaledFont;
//窗体内其余控件还可能嵌套控件(比如panel),要单独抽出,因为要递归调用
if (c.Controls.Count > 0)
AutoScaleControl(c, wScale, hScale);
if (ctl is DataGridView)
{
DataGridView dgv = ctl as DataGridView;
Cursor.Current = Cursors.WaitCursor;
int widths = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < dgv.Columns.Count; i++)
{
dgv.AutoResizeColumn(i, DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnMode.AllCells); // 自动调整列宽
widths += dgv.Columns[i].Width; // 计算调整列后单元列的宽度和
}
if (widths >= ctl.Size.Width) // 如果调整列的宽度大于设定列宽
dgv.AutoSizeColumnsMode = DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.DisplayedCells; // 调整列的模式 自动
else
dgv.AutoSizeColumnsMode = DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.Fill; // 如果小于 则填充
Cursor.Current = Cursors.Default;
}
ctrlNo++;//累加序号
}
}
}
2.创建自定义控件并绘制图形添加事件
public partial class UserControl1 : UserControl
{
public UserControl1()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer |
ControlStyles.UserPaint |
ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint, true);
}
float size1 = 9;
public bool IsPaint { get; set; } = false;
private int _count_H = 9;
/// <summary>
/// Get or set the width of the border
/// </summary>
[System.ComponentModel.Browsable(true),
System.ComponentModel.Category("Appearance"),
System.ComponentModel.Description("Set the border style")]
public int count_H
{
set
{
if (_count_H == value)
return;
if (_count_H >0)
{
_count_H = value;
int MaxSize = pictureBox1.Height < pictureBox1.Width ? pictureBox1.Height : pictureBox1.Width;
int MaxCnt = count_H < count_W ? count_H : count_W;
size1 = MaxSize / MaxCnt;
Invalidate();
}
else
{
throw new ArgumentException("This value should be between 0 and 5");
}
}
get
{
return _count_H;
}
}
private int _count_W = 9;
/// <summary>
/// Get or set the width of the border
/// </summary>
[System.ComponentModel.Browsable(true),
System.ComponentModel.Category("Appearance"),
System.ComponentModel.Description("Set the border style")]
public int count_W
{
set
{
if (_count_W == value)
return;
if (_count_W > 0)
{
_count_W = value;
int MaxSize = pictureBox1.Height < pictureBox1.Width ? pictureBox1.Height : pictureBox1.Width;
int MaxCnt = count_H < count_W ? count_H : count_W;
size1 = MaxSize / MaxCnt;
Invalidate();
}
else
{
throw new ArgumentException("This value should be between 0 and 5");
}
}
get
{
return _count_W;
}
}
private string _text = "label1";
/// <summary>
/// Get or set the width of the border
/// </summary>
[System.ComponentModel.Browsable(true),
System.ComponentModel.Category("Appearance"),
System.ComponentModel.Description("Set the border style")]
public string TextValue
{
get
{
return _text;
}
set
{
if (_text == value)
return;
if (_text != "")
{
_text = value;
int MaxSize = pictureBox1.Height < pictureBox1.Width ? pictureBox1.Height : pictureBox1.Width;
int MaxCnt = count_H < count_W ? count_H : count_W;
size1 = MaxSize / MaxCnt;
Invalidate();
}
else
{
throw new ArgumentException("This value should be between 0 and 5");
}
}
}
private void panel1_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
int MaxSize = pictureBox1.Height < pictureBox1.Width ? pictureBox1.Height : pictureBox1.Width;
int MaxCnt = count_H < count_W ? count_H : count_W;
size1 = MaxSize / MaxCnt*0.75f;
for (int i = 0; i < count_H; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < count_W; j++)
{
int index = count_W * i + j;
string strtemp = $"{_text}{index}";
Point point = new Point((int)(j * (_text.Length * size1) + 10), (int)(2 + i * (size1 * 1.25f)));
Size size = new Size((int)(size1 * (_text.Length) * 0.75), (int)(size1 * 1.15));
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(point, size);
var path = new GraphicsPath();
path.AddEllipse(rectangle);
path.CloseFigure();
var region = new Region(path);
if (region.IsVisible(e.Location))
{
MessageBox.Show(strtemp);
}
else
{
//pointLast = Point.Empty;
}
}
}
}
Bitmap bmp;
private void panel1_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
{
//创建内存位图，将背景及圆形绘制在此内存位图上
if (IsPaint)
return;
bmp = new Bitmap(pictureBox1.Width, pictureBox1.Height);
var g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp);
int MaxSize = pictureBox1.Height < pictureBox1.Width ? pictureBox1.Height : pictureBox1.Width;
int MaxCnt = count_H < count_W ? count_H : count_W;
size1 = MaxSize / MaxCnt * 0.75f;
for (int i = 0; i < count_H; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < count_W; j++)
{
int index = count_W * i + j;
PointF point = new PointF(j * (_text.Length * size1) + 5, 2 + i * (size1*1.25f));
g.DrawString($"{index}", new Font("宋体", size1), new SolidBrush(Color.Black), point);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < count_H; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < count_W; j++)
{
int index = count_W * i + j;
Point point = new Point((int)(j * (_text.Length * size1) + 6), (int)(2 + i * (size1 * 1.25f)));
Size size = new Size((int)(size1*(_text.Length)*0.75), (int)(size1*1.15));
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(point, size);
g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Red), rectangle);
}
}
pictureBox1.Image = bmp;
//bmp.Dispose();
g.Dispose();
IsPaint = true;
}
}
3.调用，添加一个form窗体
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer |
ControlStyles.UserPaint |
ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint, true);
}
AutoSizeFormClass AutoSizeFormClass = new AutoSizeFormClass();
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
AutoSizeFormClass.controllInitializeSize(this);
}
private void Form1_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
userControl11.IsPaint = false;
AutoSizeFormClass.controlAutoSize(this, this.WindowState);
}
}